The Handala hacker group uses cyberterrorism as psychological warfare, study finds

A new study by Prof. Gabriel Weimann, a senior researcher at the International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT) at Reichman University and professor emeritus in the Department of Communication at the University of Haifa, and Daniel Haberfeld, a researcher and head of the Cyberterrorism Desk at ICT, explored the activities of the Handala hacker group, which is linked to Iran's Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS). The study sought to determine whether the group's operations are best characterized as cyberterrorism or psychological warfare.