Study finds urbanization in the Hong Kong Greater Bay Area intensifies extreme heat and heavy rainfall risks

In recent years, Hong Kong has experienced repeated episodes of intense rainfall that have significantly affected social operations, including the "once-in-a-century" rainstorm in September 2023, exceptionally heavy rain in May 2024, and a series of Black Rainstorm events in early August 2025. These extreme weather events have not only disrupted residents' daily travel and public infrastructure but also highlighted the challenges faced by high-density coastal cities in coping with extreme weather.